What happened in the World on December 2?
Read below to know what happened in the World on this Day, December 2. Excerpts from World History is compiled in this blog post.
1804: Napolean's coronation
In 1804, Napolean 1 crowned himself as the emperor of France. He was crowned by Pope Pius VII. The coronation ceremony took place in Notre Dame de Paris, which is a medieval Catholic Cathedral in Paris consecrated to the Virgin Mary. This year he established the French empire.
1823: Doctrine of Monroe
The intervention practice of the US in its foreign policy started with the Monroe Doctrine propounded by James Monroe, US President on December 2, 1823. By this doctrine US protected the Western Hemisphere from further colonization in the hands of Europe. In return, the US promised not to interfere with the internal affairs or conflicts or wars of European nations. They will also not interfere with existing colonies in the Western Hemisphere. The British, in fact, wanted a bilateral declaration. But the US feared that it will affect its own expansion ideas.
1942: Nuclear reaction
In 1942, Scientists led by Enrico Fermi conducted the world's first controlled self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, at the University of Chicago at Chicago, Illinois, US. Enrico Fermi is the Nobel Prize-winning physicist from Italy. The reactor was named Chicago Pile-1. The experiment was conducted inside a football stadium. There were 49 scientists for the experiment. The sole female researcher for the experiment was Leona Marshall. Graphite blocks and Uranium were used for the reactor. There were three control rods to it.
1971: UAE formation
In 1971, The United Arab Emirates was formed by the union of six small emirates on the Arabian Peninsula; a seventh emirate joined in February 1972. Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, and Fujairah was the seven emirates which joined on December 2, 1971. Ras al Khaimah joined later in the federation in the year 1972. Before the formation, several Sheikhs ruled their respective kingdom and it was called the Trucial States. It was Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan who was the then ruler of Abu Dhabi started discussions with neighboring emirates for a coalition. After the coalition to UAE, he was elected as the first President as the founding father of UAE.
1982: Artificial heart
In 1982, William C. DeVries implanted the first permanent artificial heart in Barney Clark; the aluminum and plastic device was called the Jarvik-7. It was named after former physician and inventor Rober Jarvi. The operation lasted seven hours. The patient lived another 112 days. The operation was performed at the University of Utah Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
